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66 References

Hermann Landshoff
Photographer
New York

Besides outdoor fashion shots, Hermann Landshoff was a portrait and street photographer. During his time in New York, he captured the cultural, artistic and intellectual émigré scene as well as his photographer colleagues.

Word Count: 33

Walter Sanders
Photographer
New York

Walter Sanders was a German émigré photographer. In 1938 he arrived in New York, where he worked from 1939 until the end of his life for the Black Star agency and, from 1944, for Life magazine.

Word Count: 33

Kurt Safranski
Picture AgentFounding MemberTeacherCartoonistPublisherIllustrator
New York

Kurt Safranski was one of the founding members of the Black Star photo agency, a teacher at the New School for Social Research and the author of photojournalistic articles and books.

Word Count: 31

Werner Wolff
Photographer
New York

Werner Wolff was forced to leave Germany in 1936 due to his Jewish background and emigrated via Hamburg to New York, where he could follow his career as photographer and photojournalist.

Word Count: 30

Josef Breitenbach
Photographer
New York

On arriving in New York in 1941, the German photographer Josef Breitenbach tried to restart as a portrait, street and experimental photographer, as well as a teacher of photo-history and techniques.

Word Count: 30

Andreas Feininger
PhotographerWriterEditor
New York

Andreas Feininger, was a German émigré photographer who arrived in New York with his wife Wysse Feininger in 1939. He started a lifelong career exploring the city's streets, working as a photojournalist and writing a large number of photography manuals.

Word Count: 39

Ruth Bernhard
Photographer
New York

Ruth Bernhard was a German émigré photographer who lived in New York from the 1920s to the 1940s. Beside her series on female nudes, her place in the photography network, as well as in the New York queer scene, is unknown and understudied.

Word Count: 43

Erika Stone
Photographer
New York

Erika Stone is a German émigré, who moved to New York with her parents and sister in December 1936, at the age of 12. She went on to carve out a career as photographer.

Word Count: 32

Lisette Model
Photographer
New York

Lisette Model was an Austrian-born photographer who lived in New York with her husband Evsa Model after emigrating from France. Her street photographs capturing the curiosities of everyday life quickly caught the interest of museums and magazines.

Word Count: 37

Fred Stein
PhotographerLawyer
New York

Always accompanied by his camera, the German émigré photographer Fred Stein discovered New York City during the 1940s and 1950s. His pictures provide an human and multifaceted view of the metropolis.

Word Count: 31

Alexey Brodovitch
PhotographerArt DirectorGraphic Designer
New York

Alexey Brodovitch was a Belarus-born émigré graphic artist, art director and photographer who, from 1933, worked in New York for Harper’s Bazaar magazine and at the New School for Social Research.

Word Count: 31

Charles Leirens
PhotographerMusicianMusicologist
New York

Charles Leirens was a Belgian-born musician and photographer who emigrated to New York in 1941. While publishing two books on Belgian music, he also gave courses in musicology and photography at the New School for Social Research.

Word Count: 36

Rolf Tietgens
PhotographerEditorWriter
New York

Rolf Tietgens was a German émigré photographer who arrived in New York in 1938. Although, in the course of his photographic career, his artistic and surrealist images were published and shown at exhibitions, his work, today, is very little known.

Word Count: 39

Marion Palfi
Photographer
New York

Marion Palfi was a German émigré photographer who lived in New York from the 1940s to the 1960s. Her photographic engagement in social and political topics made her name for her use of the camera to draw attention to social injustices.

Word Count: 41

Mario Bucovich
PhotographerEditor
New York

Only a few details are known of the life and career of émigré photographer and publisher Mario Bucovich, who, after emigrating to New York, published the photobooks Washington D.C. and Magic Manhattan.

Word Count: 33

Lotte Jacobi
Photographer
New York

In October 1935 the German émigré photographer Lotte Jacobi, together with her sister Ruth Jacobi, opened a photo studio on 57th Street. The two sisters had to leave their parents' photo studio in Berlin in the 1930s and emigrated to New York.

Word Count: 41

Tim Gidal
PhotographerPublisherArt Historian
New York

Tim Gidal was a German-Jewish photographer, publisher and art historian emigrating in 1948 emigrated to New York. Besides his teaching career, he worked as a photojournalist and, along with his wife Sonia Gidal, published youth books.

Word Count: 35

Ernest Nash
PhotographerArchaeologistLawyer
New York

Ernest Nash was a German born photographer, who pursued his photographic as well as an archeologic interest in Roman architecture after his emigration to New York in 1939. Besides this research interest, he also worked as a portrait photographer and publisher.

Word Count: 40

Ellen Auerbach
Photographer
New York

When she arrived in New York in 1937, the German-born photographer Ellen Auerbach (formerly Rosenberg) had already passed through exile stations in Palestine and Great Britain.

Word Count: 25

Lilo Hess
Photographer
New York

The German émigré Lilo Hess was an animal photographer working for the Museum for Natural History and the Bronx Zoo, as well being a freelance photographer and publisher of children's books.

Word Count: 31

Ruth Jacobi
Photographer
New York

Ruth Jacobi was a German-speaking, Polish-born photographer who emigrated in 1935 to New York, where she opened a studio together with her sister Lotte Jacobi. She later had her own portrait studio.

Word Count: 31

Gerda Peterich
Photographer
New York

The German émigré Gerda Peterich had a photographic studio at 332 West 56th Street and in New York, where she specialised in dance and portraiture. In addition, she visited dance studios and photographed outside in the city.

Word Count: 36

Lilly Joss
Photographer
New York

Lilly Joss was an émigré freelance photographer in New York. She worked for the Black Star photo agency and magazines and was also a portrait and theatre photographer.

Word Count: 28

Ylla
Photographer
New York

Ylla was an Austrian-born photographer who emigrated to New York in 1941. Specialising in animal photography, she produced not only studio photographs, but also shot outside on urban locations in the metropolis.

Word Count: 31

Ann Tizia Leitich
JournalistAuthorArt Critic
New York

Ann Tizia Leitich was an émigré Austrian author, journalist and art critic, who wrote essays, feuilletons and reviews on the American society and women for German and Austrian newspapers.

Word Count: 29

Fritz Henle
Photographer
New York

Fritz Henle was a German Jewish photographer who emigrated in 1936 to New York, where he worked as a photojournalist for various magazines. He also published several photobooks of his travels throughout North America and Asia.

Word Count: 35

Kurt Kornfeld
PublisherPicture AgentFounding Member
New York

Kurt Kornfeld was a publisher and literary agent and a founding member of the Black Star photo agency in New York City after his emigration in 1936 to New York.

Word Count: 29

Ernest Mayer
Picture AgentFounding MemberPublisher
New York

Ernest Mayer was co-founder of the Black Star Publishing Company photo agency, which built a network for émigré photographers and the American magazine scene from the mid-1930s until the end of the 1950s.

Word Count: 34

Ruth Staudinger
PhotographerCinematographerArt dealer
New York

Very few and only fragmentary details can be found on the German émigré photographer Ruth Staudinger, who emigrated in the mid-1930s to New York City. Her nomadic life was also characterisedd by several changes of name along the way.

Word Count: 40

Carola Gregor
PhotographerSculptor
New York

The German émigré photographer Carola Gregor was an animal and child photographer and published some of her work in magazines and books. Today her work and life are almost forgotten.

Word Count: 30

Rudy Burckhardt
PhotographerFilmmakerPainter
New York

Rudy Burckhardt was a Swiss-born photographer, filmmaker and painter who emigrated from Basle to New York City in 1935. He was well networked within the emerging Abstract Expressionist art scene of 1940s' and 50s'.

Word Count: 33

T. Lux Feininger
PhotographerPainter
New York

Lux T. Feininger was a German-American émigré photographer and painter and the brother of the photographer Andreas Feininger, arriving in 1936 in New York. Although he started taking photographs during the 1920s in Germany, Feininger is better known for his career as a painter and his photographic work is largely unacknowledged.

Word Count: 50

Trude Fleischmann
Photographer
New York

Trude Fleischmann was an Austrian-Jewish portrait and dance photographer who emigrated in 1939 to New York, where she opened a studio in Midtown Manhattan with the photographer Frank Elmer.

Word Count: 28

Henry Rox
PhotographerSculptor
New York

Henry Rox was a German émigré sculptor and photographer who, in 1938, arrived in New York with his wife, the journalist and art historian Lotte Rox (née Charlotte Fleck), after an initial exile in London. Besides his work as a sculptor, he began creating humorous anthropomorphised fruit and vegetable photographs.

Word Count: 50

Elizabeth Coleman
PhotographerWriterEditor
New York

The German émigré photographer Elizabeth Coleman emigrated in 1941 to New York, where she photographed and published the photobook Chinatown U.S.A..

Word Count: 22

Manhattan Magic. A collection of eighty-five photographs
Photobook
New York

Manhattan Magic is a photobook which was published in 1937 by the German émigré photographer Mario Bucovich in New York City.

Word Count: 20

New York
BookPhotobook
New York

In 1932, after her remigration to Vienna, the Austrian journalist Ann Tizia Leitich published New York, an account of her life and writing experiences started as an emigrant in New York in the 1920s.

Word Count: 33

Chinatown U.S.A.
Photobook
New York

Chinatown U.S.A. is a photobook published by the German émigré photographer Elizabeth Coleman in 1946 focusing on American-Chinese communities in New York and San Francisco.

Word Count: 26

5th Avenue
Photobook
New York

5th Avenue was the first photobook by Fred Stein and was created in 1947 with the publishing house Pantheon Books.

Word Count: 19

New York World's Fair postcard View of the Constitution Mall looking toward statue of George Washington and Trylon and Perisphere
Postcard
New York

Shortly after the arrival in New York in 1939, photographs by the German émigré Ernest Nash were used and reproduced for postcards of the New York’s World’s Fair.

Word Count: 29

Christmas Exhibition of The Center for European Immigrant's Art and Handicraft
Black Star Agency
Photo Agency
New York

The German émigrés Kurt S(z)afranski, Ern(e)st Mayer and Kurt Kornfeld founded Black Star in 1936. The photo agency established was a well-run networking institution in New York.

Word Count: 31

PIX Publishing Inc.
Photo Agency
New York

PIX Publishing Inc. was a photo agency founded in New York in 1935 by photo agent Leon Daniel and Celia Kutschuk, together with German émigré photographers Alfred Eisenstaedt and George Karger.

Word Count: 30

Leco Photo Service
Photo Lab
New York

Leco Photo Service was a photofinishing lab, highly-frequented and a contact hub for émigré photographers and photo agencies during the 1930s and 1940s, as well as a provider of employment for women in the photo industry.

Word Count: 36

J.J. Augustin Incorporated Publisher
Publishing House
New York

J.J. Augustin was a German publishing house in Glückstadt with a long history, going back to 1632. In 1936 the American branch opened in New York with a large artistic and cultural focus.

Word Count: 33

Schocken Books
Publishing House
New York

Schocken Books was a publishing house established in 1945 in New York by the Russian émigré Salman Schocken (1898–1959). It specialised in books on Judaica and Hebrew topics.

Word Count: 26

Pantheon Books
Publishing House
New York

Pantheon Books was a publishing house founded in 1942 by the German émigré Kurt Wolff (1887–1963) and aimed at the exiled European community in New York.

Word Count: 24

Oceana Publications
Publishing House
New York

Oceana Publications Inc was a publishing house specialising in law and civil rights founded by the British émigré Philip F. Cohen (1911–1998) in 1945.

Word Count: 22

New School for Social Research
Academy/Art SchoolPhoto SchoolUniversity / Higher Education Institute / Research Institute
New York

During the 1940s and 1950s emigrated graphic designers and photographers, along with artists and intellectuals, were given the opportunity to held lectures and workshops at the New School for Social Research.

Word Count: 31

Camera Features
Photo Agency
New York

Camera Features was a photo agency founded by the photographer Werner Wolff and other colleagues of the photo agency PIX.

Word Count: 20

Rapho Guillumette
Photo Agency
New York

Founded in 1940 by the emigrant Charles Rado (1899–1970), Rapho Guillumette was a picture agency.

Word Count: 13

Three Lions Inc.
Photo Agency
New York

Little is known about this photo agency, which was founded by two German émigré brothers, Max Georg and Walter Löwenherz in 1937 in New York

Word Count: 25

Photo-Representatives
Photo Agency
New York

Photo-Representatives was a photo agency founded by the photographers Erika Stone and Anita Beer in 1953.

Word Count: 15

European Picture Service
Photo Agency
New York

The European Picture Service was a photo agency located in Midtown Manhattan founded, probably in 1930, by the émigré photographer Max Peter Haas (1901–1985).

Word Count: 22

Norlyst Gallery
GalleryArt Gallery
New York

Founded in 1943 by the American painter and art collector Elenore Lust, the Norlyst Gallery represented a cross section of contemporary painting, photography and other media focusing on surrealist and abstract expressionist styles and promoting women artists and photographers.

Word Count: 38

Weyhe Gallery
Art Gallery
New York

Opened in 1919 by the German-born art dealer Erhard Weyhe opened a bookstore and gallery space specialised in contemporary European artists and was the first to specialise in prints.

Word Count: 28

Julien Levy Gallery
Art Gallery
New York

The Julien Levy Gallery was founded by the art dealer Julien Levy (1906–1981) in 1931, and was situated in the New York gallery district around 57th Street, where the Weyhe and Norlyst Gallery were also located.

Word Count: 34

Querido Inc.
Publishing House
New York

Fritz H. Landshoff’s Querido publishing house was originally an offshoot of Emanuel Querido's Querido Uitgeverij Dutch publishing house in Amsterdam. Querido Verlag was created in 1933 to publish work by German political exiles.

Word Count: 33

Beggar Bar
Bar
New York

Beggar Bar was an artists bar and cabaret which was founded in 1941 by the German actress and dancer Valeska Gert (1892–1978).

Word Count: 20

Pavelle Laboratories Inc.
Photo LabPhoto Supplier
New York

Pavelle Laboratories was found in 1936 by Leo and Carmen Pavelle and operated on East 42nd Street. It was specialised in the development of miniature camera film and one of the first labs working with colour film.

Word Count: 36

Modernage Photographic Services Inc
Photo Lab
New York

Modernage Photographic Services was founded in 1944 by the German émigrés Ralph and Leuba Baum and specialised in photofinishing services. In 1954 a second branch, Modernage Custom Darkrooms, was opened.

Word Count: 29

JJK Copy-Art
Photo LabPhoto StudioPhoto Supplier
New York

JJK Copy-Art was a photo studio and photofinishing service founded in 1929 by the Jewish Austrian émigré James J. Kriegsmann (1909–1994) and was located at 165 West 46th Street.

Word Count: 26

Service Photo Suppliers Inc.
Photo Supplier
New York

Service Photo Suppliers was a photo supplier distributing a wide variety of photo equipment and opened by the German émigré Hans Salomon (1909–?) in 1945.

Word Count: 23

Spiratone
Photo Supplier
New York

Spiratone was a photo company and photo supplier founded in 1941 by the Austrian émigré family Hans (1888–1944) and Paula Spira (?–?) and their son Fred Spira (1924–2007).

Word Count: 24

Monkmeyer Photo Service
Photo Agency
New York

The Monkmeyer Photo Service photo agency was founded around 1935/36 by the German émigrés Hilde and Paul August Monkmeyer in New York City.

Word Count: 23

American-British Art Center
Art Center
New York

The émigré gallerist Ala Story left London for New York around 1940, where she co-founded the American-British Art Center, which introduced British and US artists to the public.

Word Count: 27