Karl Petrasch, Karl Petraš, Carl Petraš, Charles Petraš
Charles Petras was the founder and director of the international cultural centre Institute of Foreign Languages, an avant-garde theatre director and a very active promoter of international understanding and world peace.
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Art Deco Mumbai. “Kanti Mahal – Tejookaya Park.” 22 June 2017, Art Deco Mumbai, www.artdecomumbai.com/inventory/kanti-mahal/. Accessed 1 April 2021.
Bombaywalla Historical Works [Simin Patel et al.]. “Aurora, Matunga.” 13 December 2018, Bombaywalla Historical Works, bombaywalla.org/?s=matunga. Accessed 28 March 2021.
Franz, Margit. “Exile meets Avantgarde: ExilantInnen-Kunstnetzwerke in Bombay.” Going East – Going South. Österreichisches Exil in Asien und Afrika, edited by Margit Franz and Heimo Halbrainer, CLIO, 2014, pp. 403–431. Academia, www.academia.edu/49079321/Exile_meets_Avantgarde_ExilantInnen_Kunstnetzwerke_in_Bombay. Accessed 16 June 2021.
Franz, Margit. Gateway India. Deutschsprachiges Exil in Indien zwischen britischer Kolonialherrschaft, Maharadschas und Gandhi, CLIO 2015 (especially chapter: 6.1. Kunstvermittlung: Das Institute for Foreign Languages von Charles Petras als interkulturelles Kultur- und Kunstzentrum, pp. 248–265. Academia, www.academia.edu/49273939/6_1_Kunstvermittlung_Das_Institute_for_Foreign_Languages_von_Charles_Petras_als_interkulturelles_Kultur_und_Kunstzentrum and chapter 8.3. Literarische Betrachtungen, pp. 348–356 : Lyrik Accessed 26 June 2021.)
Franz, Margit. “From Dinner Parties to Galleries: The Langhammer-Leyden-Schlesinger Circle in Bombay – 1940s through the 1950s.” Arrival Cities. Migrating Artists and New Metropolitan Topographies in the 20th Century, edited by Burcu Dogramaci et al., Leuven University Press, 2020, pp. 73–90. Project Muse, doi: 10.1353/book.77990. Accessed 30 March 2021.
Kher, Anupam. Lessons Life Taught Me, Unknowingly: An Autobiography. Hay House India, 2019.
Petraš, Charles. “Man Athirst: Poems.” (unpublished and handwritten book of poems, Hilde Holger Archive, by Primavera Boman-Behram, London, 1944).
Souza in the 40’s, exh. cat. Grosvenor Gallery / Sunaparanta Goa Centre For The Arts / Saffronart, London / Goa / New Delhi, 2018, www.grosvenorgallery.com/usr/library/documents/main/souza-in-the-40-s-ecatalogue.pdf. Accessed 1 April 2021.
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Charles Petrasch (Carl Petras) – Austrian Internee Question of His Transfer from the Central Internment-Camp to A Parole Centre (National Archives of India, New Delhi, 1940), Home Political/EW/1940/NA/F-66-9-7.
Hilde Holger Archive, by Primavera Boman-Behram, London.
Musée Ianchelevici Archives, La Louviére.
Private Archive Margit Franz, Sinabelkirchen.
The Times of India (Mumbai) Archive, via Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin:
http://erf.sbb.spk-berlin.de/historical-newspapers/. Accessed 30 March 2021.
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Bombay, India (1937–1939); Internment in Ahmednagar, Dehra Dun (1939–1946); Bombay (1946–1950); New Delhi (1950–1952).
Kanti Mahal,Vincent Road, Matunga, Bombay (545, Kanti Mahal, Tejookaya Park, Dr Baba Saheb Ambedkar Rd, Kings Circle, Matunga, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400019, India) (place of residence 1939); Menkwa Building, Outram Road, Fort Bombay (now Buddha Bhavan, Purshotamdas Thakurdas Marg, Fort, Mumbai) (Place of work 1946–1950); Jehangir Building, 133 Mahatma Gandhi Road, Bombay (now Mumbai) (Place of work from 1950).
The picture of the previously lost and recently located sculpture by Sadanand K. Bakre reflects the relationship between the artist Bakre and the art critic Rudi von Leyden.
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Hilde Holger brought her expressionist dance practice from Vienna to Bombay, collaborating with local and exile artists, and opening a dance school.
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With its wide range of cultural activities, the Institute of Foreign Languages − founded in 1946 by the Viennese emigrant Charles Petras − became a glocal contact zone in Bombay.
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There are two versions of the PAG photo at the opening of M.F. Husain's first solo exhibition in 1950 (published in 1996 and 2003) and two narratives about the opening.
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